The definition of neuro-plasticity is the brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

The idea of neuro-plasticity has been argued and debated since the early 1900’s. Some researchers have claimed that the brain was set and inflexible after childhood, while others claimed that the brain could evolve—and perhaps even repair itself after injury.

If, for instance, one hemisphere of the brain is damaged, the undamaged half can begin forging new connections to take over some functionality. This reorganization of the adult brain is not yet completely understood, but researchers are studying such mechanisms as axon sprouting. Axons, which transmit neural signals—that is, information—branch out and connect with others, producing new pathways. That the brain can heal itself from injury or disease is exciting news for those suffering from dementia and Alzheimer’s.

The concept of neuro-plasticity is exciting, but still in its infancy as far as research and testing. Research seems to show that voluntary exercise and brain-teasing puzzles and games stimulate the brain to adapt and produce new pathways, but this research is not yet conclusive. So should you do daily crosswords and Sudoku? Though they may not yet be proven techniques for maintaining a “limber brain,” they certainly can’t hurt.  But more study is needed on neuro-plasticity to identify which techniques will substantially reduce brain disease and degeneration.